answer the following/ Citations are needed when necessary. ( an example of the book is uploaded as a file) : 1. In the second half of our semester, we learned about a lot of formal reasoning (formal logic/symbolic logic): propositional logic, categorical logic, reasoning with probability, and some basics in statistical reasoning. These are more like math than philosophy, but they are very important in our daily life and are key components of critical reasoning. How do you find this part of logic related to your everyday life? Do you use formal reasoning more often now in your life? In this question, I will as you to find a particular case example of formal reasoning you encounter in your life, i.e. one of the above types of reasoning (deductive or inductive), which you find interesting or meaningful. -For example, you can find a case of interesting problems solved by deductive logic, like the puzzles we have read in the book. Or you can find a case of decision-making that is inspired by the Principle of Maximum Expected Utility, or a case of Base-rate fallacy. And there are a lot of interesting cases in statistical reasoning, such as Biased samples and cases that confuse correlation and causation. You can also create your own examples, though do try to make your example as interesting as possible. -you need to (1) clearly state your example, (2) analyze its structure, and (3) find its solution. Also, write as clearly as you can. 2. I have decided to write my own textbook for this class two years ago, and I have spent a lot of time revising it. This aims at reducing student costs on textbooks and making course materials accessible to you. I like to seek your feedback on this book, and feel free to let me know if there is anything I can improve. -In particular, tell me which aspects/topics of the book you like to keep and which aspects of the book you like to change. All suggestions are very welcome. I am especially concerned with the second part of the book. I have heard complaints about its length and complexity, so I may cut some materials and simplify it further. There are three main components in the second half of formal reasoning: propositional logic, categorical logic, and probability and statistics. If I have to cut one of them, which one you think it is the least interesting and least important? Right now I tend to add one more week on natural deduction (which you find to be more difficult than others), and maybe one more week on the logic of decision, so I need to cut off categorical logic completely. Is that something you would like? My reasons are that propositional logic really introduce the basic ideas of deductive logic, and probability and statistics are more relevant today to our life than categorical logic. What do you think? Please help me here! -How does this book compare to other textbooks you have read, especially on this topic of logic? And if you have found any mistakes in the book, please let me know. 3. This class aims at developing your critical thinking skills, and you have talked about your expectations at the beginning of the semester. Now reflecting back, what have you learned in this class? Has this class met your expectations? You may name two things that you have learned and felt particularly important about and explain why so.
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