Discussion: Addressing Chronic Disease
Week 10
In the United States, there has been a rise in diagnosis of diabetes. Type 2 diabetes being the more common form of the disease. Type 1 diabetes has also seen an increase especially during the COVID 19 pandemic. Type 2 diabetes often over shadows type 1 diabetes as it affects more of the population. However one key difference of the two is that type 2 diabetes can go into remission and can essentially be reversed with the proper care whereas type 1 diabetes is always a lifelong illness. There are several different care models that can be applied to chronic illness. The model that I found to be the most applicable for type 1 diabetes is the Chronic Care Model. This model has a patient centered approach grounded in evidenced based practice. This model is designed to include the health system as a whole as it relates to the community and to patients. It challenges health care providers to care for patients in a way that is safe, competent to their cultural needs, and coordinated with the health system as a whole. (Grover, 2015). As it relates to diabetes, the chronic care model encourages the patients involvement with their care. Diabetes requires daily self management and the chronic care model offers support to encourage patients to participate in their care. There are endless challenges relating to type one diabetes such as: carb counting, blood sugar checks, multiple daily injections or use of pump, managing hypo/hyperglycemic symptoms, burn out from the constant mental load of diabetes, coordinating care with care providers, pharmacies, etc. Care can be limited due to these challenges especially when patient compliance and participation in self management is lacking. Through the chronic care model the members of the health care team can support the patient and continue to encourage them. Under the chronic care model there are clearer roles within the health system, support for the patients regarding management and decisions, and increased community involvement as it relates to resources and policies. (Stellefson, 2013). The goal is to improve the health of those with chronic illness such as diabetes. This model offers health promotion that empowers those with chronic illness and those without to improve their overall health by allowing patients more control over their care. Improving the health on an individual level in turn improves the health and health outcomes of the population.
References:
Grover, A., & Joshi, A. (2014). An Overview of Chronic Disease Models: A Systematic Literature Review. Global Journal of Health Science, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v7n2p210
Stellefson M, Dipnarine K, Stopka C. The Chronic Care Model and Diabetes Management in US Primary Care Settings: A Systematic Review. Prev Chronic Dis 2013;10:120180. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd10.120180
According to the Population Health course text, “Roughly 40 million Americans are still uninsured and 112 million Americans (almost half of the U.S. population, 45%) suffer from at least one chronic condition in the United States, an estimated 125 million persons have at least one chronic condition, and half of these persons have multiple chronic conditions” (Nash, Skoufalos, Fabius, and Oglesby, 2021, p. 5 ).
This week’s Learning Resources examine numerous health problems that result in a need for ongoing care. As you have explored this week, many costs are associated with chronic disease—both in terms of lives lost and socioeconomic burden. What can be done to help reduce chronic disease at the population level?
For this Discussion, you will take an in-depth look at chronic disease, and you will evaluate ways to address this issue through the application of chronic disease models and frameworks. In addition, you will consider the impact of the challenges of managing chronic disease on quality of care delivery.
To prepare:
Review the application of chronic disease models as a method for managing chronic diseases at the population level.
Consider characteristics of chronic disease models and how to apply them as presented in the Learning Resources.
Consult The Chronic Care Model (Figure 1–1 (p. 9) in Population Health: Creating a Culture of Wellness, and consider examples of determinants and outcomes of population health with chronic diseases in a specific subpopulation. Then, select one chronic disease on which to focus for this Discussion.
Ask yourself, “What are the challenges of managing this chronic disease? How do these challenges limit the ability to deliver effective quality care?” Conduct additional research using the Walden Library and credible websites as necessary.
By Day 3
Post a cohesive scholarly response that addresses the following:
Identify your selected chronic disease.
Describe the application of a chronic disease model to address this disease at the population level. Include your rationale for selecting this particular model.
Discuss one or more current challenges related to the management of the chronic disease, and explain how these challenges limit the ability to deliver effective quality care.
Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.
By Day 6
Respond to at least two of your colleagues in one or more of the following ways: Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, evidence, or research. Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives. Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own research in the Walden Library. Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research. Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings. Expand on your colleagues’ postings by providing additional insights or contrasting perspectives based on readings and evidence.
Note: For this Discussion, you are required to complete your initial post before you will be able to view and respond to your colleagues’ postings. Begin by clicking on the “Post to Discussion Question” link and then select “Create Thread” to complete your initial post. Remember, once you click on Submit, you cannot delete or edit your own posts, and you cannot post anonymously. Please check your post carefully before clicking on Submit!
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